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Constantine, Pope
Reigned 708-715.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04294b.htm
Contarini, Gasparo
Venetian statesman and cardinal, born 16 October, 1483, of an ancient and noble family in Venice; died at Bologna, 24 August, 1542.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04323c.htm
Carmel, Feast of Our Lady of Mount
This feast was instituted by the Carmelites between 1376 and 1386.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10604b.htm
Contemplative Life
A life ordered in view of contemplation; a way of living especially adapted to lead to and facilitate contemplation, while it excludes all other preoccupations and intents.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04329a.htm
Confession, Seal of
Discusses the church laws covering this throughout history.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13649b.htm
Consciousness
In its widest sense it includes all sensations, thoughts, feelings, and volitions, in fact the sum total of mental life.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04274a.htm
Conversi
Lay brothers in a religious order. The term was originally applied to those who, in adult life, voluntarily renounced the world and entered a religious order to do penance and to lead a life of greater perfection.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04346b.htm
Constitutions, Papal
Ordinations issued by the Roman pontiffs and binding those for whom they are issued, whether they be for all the faithful or for special classes or individuals.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04321a.htm
Consubstantiation
This heretical doctrine is an attempt to hold the Real Presence of Christ in the Holy Eucharist without admitting Transubstantiation.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04322a.htm
Corycus
A titular see of Cilicia Trachæa in Asia Minor.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04402b.htm
Custos
1) An under-sacristan. (2) A superior or an official in the Franciscan order.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04577a.htm
Congruism
The term by which theologians denote a theory according to which the efficacy of efficacious grace is due, at least in part, to the fact that the grace is given in circumstances favourable to its operation, i. e. "congruous" in that sense.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04251b.htm
Consanguinity (in Canon Law)
The term here means, within certain limitations defined by the law of nature, the positive law of God, or the supreme authority of State or Church, the blood-relationship (cognatio naturalis), or the natural bond between persons descended from the same stock.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04264a.htm
Contrition, Imperfect
The Council of Trent has defined contrition as "sorrow of soul, and a hatred of sin committed, with a firm purpose of not sinning in the future".
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02065a.htm
Contenson, Vincent
Dominican theologian and preacher. (1641-1674)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04330a.htm
Catherine of Sweden, Saint
The fourth child of St. Bridget and her husband, Ulf Gudmarsson, born 1331 or 1332; died 24 March, 1381. At the time of her death St. Catherine was head of the convent of Wadstena, founded by her mother; hence the name, Catherine Vastanensis, by which she is occasionally called.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03448a.htm
Cybistra
A titular see of Cappadocia in Asia Minor.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04580d.htm
Conrad of Saxony
Friar Minor and ascetical writer, date and place of birth uncertain; d. at Bologna in 1279.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04260c.htm
Coptic Literature
Details of the Morgan and the British Museum's collections.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16027d.htm
Codex
The name given to a manuscript in leaf form, distinguishing it from a roll.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04080b.htm
Convent
(1) A religious community of either sex when spoken of in its corporate capacity. (2) The buildings in which resides a community of either sex.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04340c.htm
Cord, Confraternities of the
Pious associations of the faithful, the members of which wear a cord or cincture in honour of a saint, to keep in mind some special grace or favour which they hope to obtain through his intercession.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04357a.htm
Corinthians, Epistles to the
The historical and internal evidence that they were written by St. Paul is overwhelmingly strong.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04364a.htm
Cordova, Juan de
Dominican sent to Oaxaca in 1548 to minister to the Indians.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04360b.htm
Conrad of Urach
Cardinal-Bishop of Porto and Santa Rufina; born about 1180; d. 1227.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04261a.htm
Constantinople
Capital, formerly of the Byzantine, now of the Ottoman, Empire. (As of 1908, when the article was written.)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04301a.htm
Cordier, Balthasar
Exegete and editor of patristic works, b. at Antwerp, 7 June, 1592; d. at Rome, 24 June, 1650.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04359a.htm
Cistercians in the British Isles
St. Stephen Harding, third Abbot of Cîteaux (1109-33), was an Englishman and his influence in the early organization of the Cistercian Order had been very great. It was natural therefore that, when, after the coming of St. Bernard and his companions in 1113, foundations began to multiply, the project of sending a colony of monks to England should find favourable consideration.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16025b.htm
Contumacy (in Canon Law)
Contumacy, or contempt of court, is an obstinate disobedience of the lawful orders of a court.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04340a.htm
Condamine, Charles-Marie de la
Explorer and physicist, b. at Paris, 28 January, 1701; d. there 4 February, 1774.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04210a.htm
Coriolis, Gaspard-Gustave de
French mathematician. (1792-1843)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04370a.htm
Contractus, Hermann
Chronicler, mathematician, and poet; b. 18 February, 1013, at Altshausen (Swabia); d. on the island of Reichenau, Lake Constance, 21 September, 1054.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07266a.htm
Compiégne, Teresian Martyrs of
Guillotined at the Place du Trône Renversé (now called Place de la Nation), Paris, 17 July, 1794.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14517a.htm
Column
Architectural term for a supporting pillar.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04150a.htm
Corbie, Ambrose
English Jesuit. (1604-1649)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04355b.htm
Conversion
Refers to a moral change, a turning or returning to God and to the true religion.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04347a.htm
Communion Antiphon
The term Communion is used, not only for the reception of the Holy Eucharist, but also as a shortened form for the antiphon that was originally sung while the people were receiving the Blessed Sacrament.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04169b.htm
Constantia
Titular see of Arabia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04294a.htm
Continence
Defined as abstinence from even the licit gratifications of marriage.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04330b.htm
Coutances
The Diocese comprises the entire department of La Manche and is a suffragan of the Archbishopric of Rouen.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04455b.htm
Constantius, Flavius Julius
Roman emperor (317-361).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16027c.htm
Congregatio de Auxiliis
A commission established by Pope Clement VIII to settle the theological controversy regarding grace which arose between the Dominicans and the Jesuits towards the close of the sixteenth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04238a.htm
Contzen, Adam
Jesuit economist and exegete. (1573-1635)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04340b.htm
Cooktown
The Vicariate Apostolic of Cooktown comprises North Queensland, Australia, from 16°30' south latitude to Cape York, and from the Pacific Coast to the boundary of Northern Territory.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04350b.htm
Conservator
A judge delegated by the pope to defend certain privileged classes of persons, as universities, religious orders, chapters, the poor from manifest or notorious injury or violence, without recourse to a judicial process.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04284b.htm
Coronel, Gregorio Nuñez
Theologian, writer, and preacher, b. in Portugal, about 1548; d. about 1620.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04386a.htm
Cornoldi, Giovanni Maria
Professor, author, and preacher, born at Venice, 29 Sept., 1822; d. at Rome, 18 Jan., 1892.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04379d.htm
Cordara, Guilo Cesare
Italian Jesuit historian. (1704-1785)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04358a.htm
Corpus Juris Canonici
The term corpus here denotes a collection of documents; corpus juris, a collection of laws, especially if they are placed in systematic order.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04391a.htm
Consecration
An act by which a thing is separated from a common and profane to a sacred use, or by which a person or thing is dedicated to the service and worship of God by prayers, rites, and ceremonies.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04276a.htm
Correction, Fraternal
The admonishing of one's neighbor by a private individual with the purpose of reforming him or, if possible, preventing his sinful indulgence.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04394a.htm
Couturier, Louis-Charles
Abbot of the Benedictine monastery of Saint-Pierre at Solesmes and President of the French Congregation of Benedictines. (1817-1890)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04456a.htm
Cork, Diocese of
In Ireland, suffragan of Cashel.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04370b.htm
Cortés, Hernando
Conqueror of Mexico, born at Medellin in Spain c. 1485; died at Castilleja de la Cuesta near Seville, 2 December, 1547.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04397a.htm
Cossa, Francesco
Italian painter of the school of Ferrara, b. about 1430; d. probably at Ferrara, 1485.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04417a.htm
Cosmology
In our day cosmology is a branch of philosophical study, and therefore excludes from its investigation whatever forms the object of the natural sciences.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04413a.htm
Cork, School of
The founder of the School and Diocese of Cork was Barra or Bairre (Barry), more commonly called Finbarr the Fair-haired.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04371a.htm
Corinth
A titular archiepiscopal see of Greece.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04363b.htm
Cruelty to Animals
Includes sections on pagan, Old and New Testament, scholastic, and Catholic perspectives.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04542a.htm
Catholic University of Ireland
The project was launched at the Synod of Thurles in 1850.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15199b.htm
Cedar
A coniferous tree frequently mentioned in the Bible.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03473a.htm
Cornice
The uppermost division of the entablature, the representative of the roof, of an order, consisting of projecting mouldings and blocks, usually divisible into bed-moulding, corona, and gutter.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04379b.htm
Corvey, Abbey of
Benedictine monastery in the Diocese of Paderborn, in Westphalia, founded c. 820.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04402a.htm
Corbinian
Bishop of Freising, in Bavaria, born about 680 at Chatres near Melun, France; died 8 September, 730.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04356a.htm
Cosmogony
By this term is understood an account of how the universe (cosmos) came into being (gonia - gegona = I have become). It differs from cosmology, or the science of the universe, in this: that the latter aims at understanding the actual composition and governing laws of the universe as it now exists; while the former answers the question as to how it first came to be.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04405c.htm
Coster, Francis
Theologian, born at Mechlin, 16 June, 1532 (1531); died at Brussels, 16 December, 1619.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04419a.htm
Corker, Maurus
An English Benedictine, born in 1636 in Yorkshire; died 22 December, 1715, at Paddington near London.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04372a.htm
Corneille, Michel, the Elder
French painter, etcher, and engraver, b. in Orléans about 1601; d. at Paris, 1664.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04374a.htm
Coudert, Frederick René
Born in New York, 1 March, 1832; died at Washington, D. C., 20 December, 1903.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04423b.htm
Cordova, Pedro de
Wrote one of the earliest books of catechism known to have been composed in America.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11601c.htm
Coronel, Juan
Franciscan sent to Yucatan, Mexico, in 1590, and there so familiarized himself with the Maya language that he was able to teach it, the historian Cogolludo being one of his pupils.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04386b.htm
Corporation Act of 1661
Belongs to the general category of test acts, designed for the express purpose of restricting public offices to members of the Church of England.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04390a.htm
Cosenza
An archdiocese immediately subject to the Holy See. A city in the province of Calabria, Southern Italy, at the confluence of the Crati and the Busento.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04403a.htm
Covarruvias, Diego
Born in Toledo, Spain, 25 July, 1512; died in Madrid, 27 Sept., 1577.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04457a.htm
Cosway, Maria
Miniature-painter, born in Florence, Italy, 1759; died at Lodi, 5 January, 1535.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04421a.htm
Cotenna
A titular see of Asia Minor.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04421c.htm
Covington
Comprises that part of Kentucky, U. S. A., lying east of the Kentucky River, and of the western limits of Carroll, Owen, Franklin, Woodford, Jessamine, Garrard, Rockcastle, Laurel, and Whitley Counties.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04462b.htm
Cosmas of Prague
Bohemian historian, b. about 1045, at Prague, Bohemia; d. there, 21 October, 1125.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04405a.htm
Celestine V, Pope Saint
Reigned July-December 1294.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03479b.htm
Covetousness
Generally, an unreasonable desire for what we do not possess.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04462a.htm
Cali, Diocese of
Located in Colombia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16016b.htm
Costume, Clerical
In almost every country and every order of the clergy, the clothing has its own distinctive features.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04419b.htm
Councils, Ecumenical
Councils are legally convened assemblies of ecclesiastical dignitaries and theological experts for the purpose of discussing and regulating matters of church doctrine and discipline.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04423f.htm
Corrigan, Sir Dominic
Physician, b. 1802, in Dublin, Ireland; d. there, 1880; distinguished for his original observations in heart disease, a special type of pulse being named after him.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04396a.htm
Correctories
The text-forms of the Latin Vulgate resulting from the critical emendation as practised during the course of the thirteenth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04394b.htm
Corpus Christi, Feast of
This feast is celebrated in the Latin Church on the Thursday after Trinity Sunday to solemnly commemorate the institution of the Holy Eucharist.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04390b.htm
Consent (in Canon Law)
The deliberate agreement required of those concerned in legal transactions in order to legalize such actions.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04283a.htm
Cella
One of the names by which the small memorial chapels sometimes erected in the Christian cemeteries of the first age were known.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03488a.htm
Counterpoint
The term originated in the fourteenth century, though the art designated by it had been practiced for several centuries previous.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04436a.htm
Copernicus, Nicolaus
Latinized form of Niclas Kopernik, the name of the founder of the heliocentric planetary theory; born at Torun (Thorn), 19 February, 1473, died at Frauenburg, 24 May, 1543.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04352b.htm
Carter, Blessed William
English martyr. (1548-1584)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15630b.htm
Cousin, Jean
French painter, sculptor, etcher, engraver, and geometrician, born at Soucy, near Sens, 1500; died at Sens before 1593, probably in 1590.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04453a.htm
Cope
A vestment which may most conveniently be described as a long liturgical mantle, open in front and fastened at the breast with a band or clasp.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04351a.htm
Cosgrove, Henry
Second Bishop of Davenport, Iowa. (1834-1906)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04403b.htm
Concordances of the Bible
Lists of Biblical words arranged alphabetically with indications to enable the inquirer to find the passages of the Bible where the words occur.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04195a.htm
Corporation
An association recognized by civil law and regarded in all ordinary transactions as an individual. An artificial person.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04387a.htm
Cosmas
Eighth century Byzantine hymn writer.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04403d.htm
Croyland, Abbey of
A monastery of the Benedictine Order in Lincolnshire.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04541a.htm
Coucy, Robert De
A medieval French master-builder and son of a master-builder of the same name.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04423a.htm
Celsus and Nazarius, Saints
(Catholic Encyclopedia)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10728a.htm
Coxcie, Michiel
Flemish painter, imitator of Raphael, known as the Flemish Raphael; b. at Mechlin, 1499; d. there 1592.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04463b.htm
Crusades
Expeditions undertaken, in fulfilment of a solemn vow, to deliver the Holy Places from Mohammedan tyranny. The origin of the word may be traced to the cross made of cloth and worn as a badge on the outer garment of those who took part in these enterprises.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04543c.htm
Cotelier, Jean-Baptiste
Patristic scholar and theologian, born December, 1629, at Nîmes; died 19 August, 1686.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04421b.htm
Crashaw, Richard
Poet, Cambridge scholar and convert; d. 1649.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04467a.htm
Corporal
A square white linen cloth, now usually somewhat smaller than the breadth of an altar, upon which the Sacred Host and chalice are placed during the celebration of Mass.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04386c.htm
Crescens
A companion of St. Paul during his second Roman captivity, appears but once in the New Testament, when he is mentioned as having left the Apostle to go into Galatia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04484b.htm
Creation
Like other words of the same ending, the term creation signifies both an action and the object or effect thereof. Thus, in the latter sense, we speak of the "kingdoms of creation", "the whole creation", and so on.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04470a.htm
Cowl
A hood worn in many religious orders.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04463a.htm
Coria
Diocese in Spain, suffragan of Toledo; it includes nearly the entire province of Céceres, with the exception of a few parishes that belong to the Diocese of Salamanca.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04363a.htm
Curubis
A titular see of Africa Proconsularis.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04575a.htm
Counsels, Evangelical
The difference between a precept and a counsel lies in this, that the precept is a matter of necessity while the counsel is left to the free choice of the person to whom it is proposed.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04435a.htm
Cursing
In its popular acceptation cursing is often confounded, especially in the phrase "cursing and swearing", with the use of profane and insulting language; in canon law it sometimes signifies the ban of excommunication pronounced by the Church.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04573d.htm
Censures, Theological
Doctrinal judgments by which the Church stigmatizes certain teachings detrimental to faith or morals.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03532a.htm
Curator
A person legally appointed to administer the property of another, who is unable to undertake its management himself, owing to age or physical incompetence, bodily or mental.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04571a.htm
Crosier
The Pastoral Staff is an ecclesiastical ornament which is conferred on bishops at their consecration and on mitred abbots at their investiture, and which is used by these prelates in performing certain solemn functions.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04515c.htm
Cormac MacCuilenan
Irish bishop and King of Cashel. (836-908)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04373a.htm
Crisium
A Græco-Slavonic Rite diocese in Croatia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04490a.htm
Courtenay, William
Archbishop of Canterbury, born in the parish of St. Martin's, Exeter, England, c. 1342; died at Maidstone, 31 July, 1396.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04446a.htm
Cotrone
A suffragan diocese of Reggio.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04422c.htm
Curium
A titular see of Cyprus, suppressed in 1222 by the papal legate, Pelagius.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04572c.htm
Cervia
Suffragan of Ravenna.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03545b.htm
Cupola
A spherical ceiling, or a bowl-shaped vault, rising like an inverted cup over a circular, square, or multangular building or any part of it.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04569d.htm
Cracow
The Prince-Bishopric that comprises the western portion of Galacia in Austria, and borders on the diocese of Kielce in Russian Poland, Breslau in Prussia, Tarnow in Galacia, and Zips in Hungary.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04464c.htm
Coronado, Francisco Vasquez de
Explorer, b. at Salamanca, Spain, 1500; d. in Mexico, 1553.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04379e.htm
Cree
The largest and most important Indian tribe of Canada, and one of the largest north of Mexico.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04477a.htm
Covenant, Ark of the
A kind of chest, measuring two cubits and a half in length, a cubit and a half in breadth, and a cubit and a half in height.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01721a.htm
Cruet
A small vessel used for containing the wine and water required for the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04543a.htm
Croia
A titular see of Albania.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04513b.htm
Coussemaker, Charles-Edmond-Henride
French historian of music, b. at Bailleul, department of Nord, France, 19 April, 1805; d. at Lille, 10 January, 1876.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04453b.htm
Coustant, Pierre
Benedictine of the Congregation of Saint-Maur, b. at Compiègne, France, 30 April, 1654; d. at the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés, near Paris, 18 October, 1721.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04454a.htm
Creed
In general, a form of belief.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04478a.htm
Cross, Sign of the
A term applied to various manual acts, liturgical or devotional in character, which have this at least in common: that by the gesture of tracing two lines intersecting at right angles they indicate symbolically the figure of Christ's cross.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13785a.htm
Crepieul, François
Jesuit missionary in Canada and vicar Apostolic for the Montagnais Indians; b. at Arras, France, 16 March, 1638; d. at Quebec in 1702.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04484a.htm
Crib
The crib or manger in which the Infant Saviour was laid after his birth is properly that place in the stable or khan where food for domestic animals is put, formed probably of the same material out of which the grotto itself is hewn.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04488c.htm
Curaçao
Vicariate apostolic; includes the islands of the Dutch West Indies: Curaçao, Bonaire, and Aruba; Saba, St. Eustatius, and the Dutch part of St. Martin (Leeward Islands).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04569e.htm
Clonard, School of
Situated on the river Boyne. Founded by St. Finnian, an abbot and great wonder-worker.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04064a.htm
Confession, Sacrament of
A sacrament of the New Law instituted by Christ in which forgiveness of sins committed after baptism is granted through the priest's absolution to those who with true sorrow confess their sins and promise to satisfy for the same.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11618c.htm
Cleef, Joost van
Flemish painter. (1520-1556)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04010e.htm
Cuspinian, Johannes
Distinguished humanist and statesman, born at Schweinfurt, Lower Franconia, in 1473; died at Vienna, 19 April, 1529.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04575d.htm
Chalcedon
A titular see of Asia Minor. The city was founded 676 B. C. by the Megarians on the Bithynian coast, opposite the place where a little later Byzantium rose.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03554a.htm
Conventuals, Order of Friars Minor
One of the three separate bodies, forming with the Friars Minor and the Capuchins what is commonly called the First Order of St. Francis.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04344a.htm
Criticism, Textual
The object of textual criticism is to restore as nearly as possible the original text of a work the autograph of which has been lost.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04497a.htm
Christ, Order of the Knights of
A military order which sprang out of the famous Order of the Temple.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03698b.htm
Constitutions, Ecclesiastical
In legal language the term constitutiones denotes only church ordinances, civil ordinances being termed leges, laws.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04320a.htm
California, Vicariate Apostolic of Lower
Located in Mexico.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03177a.htm
Chapeauville, Jean
Belgian theologian and historian, b. at Liège, 5 January, 1551; d. there 11 May 1617.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03574a.htm
Coustou, Nicholas
French sculptor, b. at Lyons, 9 January, 1658; d. at Paris, 1 May, 1733.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04455a.htm
Cozza-Luzi, Giuseppe
Italian savant, Abbot of the Basilian monastery of Grottaferrata near Rome; b. 24 Dec., 1837, at Bolsena in the Province of Rome: d. there 1 June, 1905.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04464b.htm
Craigie, Pearl Mary Teresa
English novelist, dramatist, and convert; b. 3 November, 1867; d. 13 August, 1906.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04466a.htm
Charity, Sisters of, of St. Vincent de Paul (New York)
Motherhouse at Mt. St. Vincent-on Hudson, New York; not to be confused with the Sisters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul founded earlier.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03607a.htm
Crown of Thorns, Feast of the
First instituted at Paris in 1239.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14706b.htm
Craven, Augustus, Mrs.
Writer, born 12 April, 1808, in London; died in Paris, 1 April, 1891.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04468b.htm
Creagh, Richard
Archbishop of Armagh, Ireland, b. at Limerick early in the sixteenth century; d. in the Tower of London, in 1585.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04469b.htm
Creation, Six Days of
Hexaemeron signifies a term of six days, or, technically, the history of the six days' work of creation, as contained in the first chapter of Genesis.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07310a.htm
Credence
A small table of wood, marble, or other suitable material placed within the sanctuary of a church and near the wall at the Epistle side, for the purpose of holding the cruets, acolytes' candles, and other utensils required for the celebration of the Holy Sacrifice.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04476a.htm
Charity, Sisters of, of the Blessed Virgin Mary
A congregation begun by five young women in Dublin, Ireland, 8 December, 1831, with the purpose of devoting themselves to the service of God in the education of children.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03609a.htm
Charleston
The Diocese of Charleston (Carolopolitana) comprises the entire state of South Carolina, U.S.A.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03630a.htm
Creeks
An important confederacy of Indian tribes and tribal remnants, chiefly of Muskogian stock, formerly holding the greater portion of Central and Southern Georgia and Alabama.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04479b.htm
Creighton University
An institution located at Omaha, Nebraska, U.S.A., and conducted by the Jesuit Fathers.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04480a.htm
Cremona
Suffragan of Milan.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04483a.htm
Crescimbeni, Giovanni Mario
Italian historian of literature, chronicler, and poet, b. in Macerata, 9 Oct., 1663; d. 8 March 1728.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04485a.htm
Christian Doctrine, Confraternity of
An association established at Rome in 1562 for the purpose of giving religions instruction.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03711b.htm
Christian Instruction, Brothers of
A congregation founded in 1817 at Saint-Brieuc, Côtes-du-Nord, France, by Jean-Marie-Robert de la Mennais (b. 1780; d. 1860), for the instruction of youth.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03711c.htm
Christopher, Saint
A martyr, probably of the third century. Although one of the most popular saints in the East and in the West, almost nothing certain is known about his life or death.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03728a.htm
Chrodegang, Saint
Bishop of Metz, born at the beginning of the eighth century at Hasbania, in what is now Belgian Limburg, of a noble Frankish family; died at Metz, 6 March, 766.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03729b.htm
Chromatius, Saint
Bishop of Aquileia, died about 406-407.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03730a.htm
Chrysogonus, Saint
Martyr, suffered at Aquileia, probably during the persecution of Diocletian, was buried there, and publicly venerated by the faithful of that region.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03742b.htm
Caedmon, Saint
Seventh-century poet.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03131c.htm
Clare of Assisi, Saint
Cofoundress of the Order of Poor Ladies, or Clares, and first Abbess of San Damiano; born at Assisi, 16 July, 1194; died there 11 August, 1253.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04004a.htm
Chur
Comprises at present the Swiss Cantons of Graubünden (Grisons), Glarus, Zürich, Unterwalden, and Uri, as well as the little Principality of Lichtenstein.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03743b.htm
Clare of Montefalco, Saint
It is disputed whether she was a Franciscan or an Augustinian; and while Wadding, with Franciscan biographers of the saint, contends that she was a member of the Third Order of St. Francis, Augustinian writers, whom the Bollandists seem to favour, hold that she belonged to their order.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04006a.htm
Clare of Rimini, Blessed
Chiara Agolanti, of the order of Poor Clares, born at Rimini in 1282; died there 10 February, 1346.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04007a.htm
Clement I, Pope Saint
The first of the successors of St. Peter of whom anything definite is known, and the first of the "Apostolic Fathers ". His feast is celebrated 23 November.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04012c.htm
Claver, Saint Peter
The son of a Catalonian farmer, was born at Verdu, in 1581; died 8 September, 1654.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11763a.htm
Columba of Sens, Saint
Third-century martyr.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04135b.htm
Clémanges, Mathieu-Nicolas Poillevillain de
French Humanist and theologian, b. in Champagne about 1360; d. at Paris between 1434 and 1440.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04011b.htm
Clement Mary Hofbauer, Blessed
The second founder of the Redemptorist Congregation, called "the Apostle of Vienna", born at Tasswitz in Moravia, 26 December, 1751; died at Vienna 15 March, 1821.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04044a.htm
Clément, François
A member of the Benedictine Congregation of Saint-Maur and historian; born at Bèze in the department of Côte-d'Or, France, 1714; died at Paris, 29 March, 1793.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04038b.htm
Clement VI, Pope
Born 1291 in the castle of Maumont, departmentof Corrèze, France, elected pope, 7 May, 1342, at Avignon, where he died 6 December, 1352.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04023a.htm
Clement of Alexandria
Early Greek theologian; head of the catechetical school of Alexandria. (d. 215)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04045a.htm
Clement of Ireland, Saint
Eighth-century scholar.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04047a.htm
Cletus, (Anacletus) Pope Saint
The second successor of St. Peter.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01446a.htm
Clotilda, Saint
Queen of the Franks. (474-545)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04066a.htm
Clogher
A suffragan of Armagh, Ireland, which comprises the County Monaghan, almost the whole of Fermanagh, the southern portion of Tyrone, and parts of Donegal, Louth, and Cavan.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04059c.htm
Colette, Saint
Founder of Colettine Poor Clares (Clarisses), born 13 January 1381, at Corbie in Picardy, France; died at Ghent, 6 March, 1447.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04099b.htm
Colbert, Jean-Baptiste
Marquis de Seignelay, statesman, b. at Rheims, France, 1619; d. at Paris, 1683.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04096a.htm
Colman Mac Lenine, Saint
Founder and patron of the See of Cloyne, born in Munster, c. 510; died 24 November, 601.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04115b.htm
Colman, Saint, of Mayo
Founder of the Abbey and Diocese of Mayo, born in Connacht, c. 605; died 8 August, 676.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04115c.htm
Colman, Saint
A patron of Austria, was also an Irish saint, who, journeying to Jerusalem, was martyred near Vienna, in 1012, 13 October, on which day his feast is observed.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04115g.htm
Colman, Saint, of Dalaradia
Born in Dalaradia, c. 450; date of death uncertain. He founded the See of Dromore, of which he is patron and over which he presided as bishop.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04115d.htm
Colman, Saint, of Templeshambo
Connacht saint, and has been confounded with the patron of Kilmacduagh, but he lived somewhat earlier, and the sphere of his ministry lay in the present County Wexford.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04115a.htm
Colman, Saint, of Kilmacduagh
Bishop and patron of Kilmacduagh, born at Kiltartan c. 560; died 29 October, 632.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04114b.htm
Colomba of Rieti, Blessed
Born at Rieti in Umbria, Italy, 1467; died at Perugia, 1501
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04121a.htm
Claude de la Colombière, Saint
French missionary and ascetical writer. (1641-1682)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16026b.htm
Columbanus, Saint
Irish Abbot. (543-615)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04137a.htm
Columba, Saint
Abbot of Iona. (521-597)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04136a.htm
Columba of Terryglass, Saint
A son of Crinthainn and a disciple of St. Finnian of Clonard.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04135a.htm
Columba, Saint
A Spanish nun, of whom it is related that she was beheaded by the Moors at the monastery of Tabanos in 853.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04135c.htm
Comgall, Saint
Founder and abbot of the Irish monastery at Bangor. (520-602)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04152c.htm
Conal, Saint
An Irish bishop who flourished in the second half of the fifth century and ruled over the church of Drum, County Roscommon.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04189b.htm
Conan, Saint
Bishop of the Isle of Man, died January, 684; an Irish missionary, also known as Mochonna.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04189c.htm
Conrad of Piacenza, Saint
Hermit of the Third Order of St. Francis, date of birth uncertain; died at Noto in Sicily, 19 February, 1351.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04260b.htm
Chioggia (Chiozza)
A sea-coast city in the province of Venice. In antiquity it was known as Fossa Clodia; in the Middle Ages as Clugia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03689a.htm
Camaldolese
A joint order of hermits and cenobites, founded by St. Romuald at the beginning of the eleventh century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03204d.htm
Camerlengo
The title of certain papal officials.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03217a.htm
Camillus de Lellis, Saint
Born at Bacchianico, Naples, 1550; died at Rome, 14 July, 1614.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03217b.htm
Campanella, Tommaso
Dominican philosopher and writer, b. 5 Sept. 1568 at Stilo in the province of Calabria, Italy; d. at Paris, 21 May, 1659.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03221b.htm
Campeggio, Lorenzo
Cardinal, an eminent canonist, ecclesiastical diplomat, and reformer.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03223a.htm
Campo Santo de' Tedeschi
A cemetery, church, and hospice for Germans on the south side of St. Peter's, Rome.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03224d.htm
Camus de Pont-Carré, Jean-Pierre
French bishop, b. 3 November, 1584, at Paris; d. there 25 April, 1652.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03225a.htm
Canaan, Canaanites
The Hebrew word Kenaan, denoting a person.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03569b.htm
Canada
Comprises all that part of North America north of the United States, with the exception of Newfoundland, and Labrador.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03227a.htm
Canada, Catholicity in
Treated under three headings: I. Period of French domination, from the discovery of Canada to the Treaty of Paris, in 1763; II. Period of British rule, from 1763 to the present day; III. Present conditions.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03231a.htm
Canal, José de la
Ecclesiastical historian.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03242a.htm
Canary Islands, The
An archipelago in the North Atlantic Ocean facing the western coast of Africa.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03243a.htm
Canatha
A titular see of Arabia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03244a.htm
Candia
The residence of the Greek Metropolitan of Crete, who has seven suffragan sees, Khania, Kisamos, Rethymnon (Retimo), Sitia, Lampa, Arkadia, and Chersonesos.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03244d.htm
Candidus
The name of two scholars of the Carlovingian revival of letters in the ninth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03245a.htm
Canisius, Blessed Peter
Dutch Jesuit priest, d. 1597.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11756c.htm
Canon
Musical term, the strictest of all contrapuntal forms.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03255a.htm
Canoness
The assistance of women in the work of the Church goes back to the earliest time, and their uniting together for community exercises was a natural development of religious worship.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03255b.htm
Canons Regular of the Immaculate Conception
A congregation founded in the department of Isère, at Saint-Antoine, France, by the Abbé Dom Adrien Gréa.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03297a.htm
Canopus
A titular see of Egypt.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03297b.htm
Canova, Antonio
Italian sculptor. (1757-1822)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03298b.htm
Cantius, Saint John
Polish priest, professor of Sacred Scripture, d. 1473.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08451b.htm
Canute IV, Saint
Martyr and King of Denmark. (d. 1086)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03307a.htm
Capranica, Domenico
Cardinal, theologian, canonist, and statesman, b. at Capranica near Palestrina, Italy, in 1400; d. at Rome, 14 July, 1458.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03312b.htm
Capua
Situated in the province of Caserta, Southern Italy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03319a.htm
Capuchinesses
A branch of the Poor Clares of the Primitive Observance, instituted at Naples, in 1538, by the Venerable Maria Longo.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03320a.htm
Capuchin Friars Minor
An autonomous branch of the first Franciscan Order.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03320b.htm
Capuciati
From caputium, hood - So named from the headgear which was one of their distinctive marks.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03327a.htm
Caquetá
Apostolic prefecture situated in South America on the southern border of the Republic of Colombia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03328a.htm
Caracalla
Roman Emperor, son of Septimius Severus and Julia Domna, b. 188; d. 217.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03328c.htm
Caracas
Located in the Republic of Venezuela, a metropolitan see with the Barquisimeto, Calabozo, Guayana, Merida, and Zulia as suffragans.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03328d.htm
Caraites
A Jewish sect professing to follow the text of the Bible (Miqra) to the exclusion of Rabbinical traditions, and hence opposed to the Talmud.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03329b.htm
Caramuel y Lobkowitz, Juan
Spanish ecclesiastic and writer. (1606-1682)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03329c.htm
Caravaggio (Michaelangelo Morigi)
Milanese painter, b. at Caravaggio in 1569, d. at Porto d' Ercole in 1609.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10569b.htm
Carbonari
The name of a secret political society, which played an important part, chiefly in France and Italy, during the first decades of the nineteenth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03330c.htm
Carcassonne
Diocese comprising the entire department of Aude, and suffragan to Toulouse.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03331b.htm
Cardan, Girolamo
Italian physician and mathematician. (1501-1576)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03332a.htm
Cardica
A titular see of Thessaly.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03333a.htm
Cardinal
A dignitary of the Roman Church and counsellor of the pope.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03333b.htm
Cardinal Protector
Since the thirteenth century it has been customary at Rome to confide to some particular cardinal a special solicitude in the Roman Curia for the interests of a given religious order or institute, confraternity, church, college, city, or nation.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03341a.htm
Cardinal Vicar
The vicar-general of the pope, as Bishop of Rome, for the spiritual administration of the city, and its surrounding district, properly known as Vicarius Urbis.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03341b.htm
Cardinal Virtues
The four principal virtues upon which the rest of the moral virtues turn or are hinged.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03343a.htm
Carducci, Bartolommeo and Vincenzo
Florentine painters, brothers, usually grouped under the Spanish School.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03345a.htm
Carem
Name of a town in the Tribe of Juda.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03345b.htm
Carey, Mathew
Author and publisher, b. in Dublin, Ireland, 28 January, 1760; d. in Philadelphia, U.S.A., 15 September, 1839.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03346a.htm
Cariati
Suffragan of Santa Severina.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03347b.htm
Caribs
Next to the Arawaks, probably the most numerous Indian stock, of more or less nomadic habits, in South America.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03348a.htm
Carlisle
The Catholic was smaller in extent than the present Anglican diocese, which was enlarged in 1856.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03349b.htm
Carlovingian Schools
Established under the Merovingian Kings, a school, scola palatina, the chroniclers of the eighth century styled it for the training of the young Frankish nobles in the art of war and in the ceremonies of the court.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03349c.htm
Carnoy, Jean-Baptiste
Belgian biologist. (1836-1899)
http://www.newadven
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