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WarGamesThis article is about the movie. For games which simulate battle or conflict situations see Wargaming.
WarGames was a 1983 science fiction film written by Lawrence Lasker and Walter F. Parkes, and directed by John Badham. The film starred Matthew Broderick in his first major film role as David Lightman, Ally Sheedy as Jennifer Mack, Dabney Coleman as John McKittrick, and John Wood as Stephen Falken.
The movie was a hit, costing US$12 million, but grossing over $79 million in the US alone. The NORAD set was the most expensive single movie set ever built up to that time, at the staggering cost of $1 million.
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In the film, Broderick, a hacker, uses his 1970s vintage IMSAI microcomputer and modem (connected to the telephone by an acoustic coupler) to gain access to the NORAD military artificial intelligence computer system called WOPR¹ that can control the United States' arsenal of ICBMss.
The teenager, unaware of the machine's real purpose, discovers what he believes to be a simulation game called "Global Thermonuclear War" and begins to "play." Unbeknownst to him, WOPR sets in motion preparations for a real attack against the Soviet Union. With the aid of the machine's creator (Wood), disaster is narrowly averted when the hacker manages to teach WOPR about the futility of war by getting it to play endless drawn games of tic-tac-toe against itself which segue into cycles through all the nuclear war stategies that WOPR has devised. WOPR then learns that "the only winning move is not to play."
It was in part a cautionary tale about technology and the dangers of leaving machines in control of unleashing destruction, in an echo of the Doomsday device of . It also generalized the idea of the Cold War period in the 1970s and 1980s that somewhere there was a "button" that when pressed would nuke the whole world away (the button, marked "LAUNCH", had several prominent close-ups), and its final sequence graphically demonstrated the concept of mutual assured destruction (MAD). Also, it was one of the first movies to deal with teenage hackers and their activities.
At least one computer/video game was licensed from the WarGames movie, published in 1983 by THORN EMI Video under the movie's name and the alternative name Computer War. It was released for the Atari 8-bit family and the Commodore VIC-20, and possibly for other platforms as well.
The user account "Stephen Falken" was present by default for a long time in the operating system NetBSD, in homage to WarGames.
See also: demon dialing, warchalking, war dialing, war driving (the latter three actually derived from WarGames)
Notes
- WOPR = War Operations Plan and Response; in the movie, this computer system is running a program named "Joshua"
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Web-Grognards Information on all wargames: errata, variants, reviews, and links. Emphasis on board wargames. http://grognard.com/
Lou Coatney's Home Page Designer of several published WWII wargames. Download free "1st Alamein" lunch-hour boardgame, cardstock model ship plans (Monitor and U.S. WWII Destroyer Escort), general game commentary, reviews. http://members.tripod.com/~LCoat/
OnLine of Departure Web site supporting Line of Departure, the leading quarterly wargaming magazine. http://members.aol.com/jwerbaneth/lod/lod.html
GMT Games: Wargames, Military Simulations GMT Games web site with descriptions of games, a discussion site, an order area, and news. http://www.gmtgames.com/
Cardboard Strategyst Overview of classical wargaming, reviews, and some player aids for games classified by subject. http://homer.pacific.net.sg/~grognard/wargames/
Armour Page Free downloadable gaming materials, including rules, software, scenarios, and at least one complete boardgame http://www.irvania.com/
The Complete Wargames Handbook Information about strategy, tactics, game design, history of gaming, and gamers. http://www.hyw.com/Books/WargamesHandbook/Contents.htm
India Wargamers A wargaming group. Games played includes Piquet, Ancient Warfare and De Bellis Multitudinis. With battle reports, campaign notes, articles, and list of players. http://www.indiawargamers.com/
Stuff Wars Rules and units for a game where stuff, like soda cans and remotes, become units of battle. http://www.geocities.com/Stuffwars
About: War Games Explore computer and board war games, combat simulations, reenactments and miniatures. Learn strategies, access technical information, and read reviews. From About.com. http://wargames.about.com/games/boardgames/index.htm
Megagame Makers For anyone visiting who has no idea what this is all about, welcome, and have a look around. These are not computer games, aren't played by email (or snail mail) but are about face-to-face play between real people in real time. http://www.megagame-makers.org.uk/
Derby Wargames Society UK club address. http://www.derbyws.freeservers.com/
The Wargamer's Ring Links wargaming webpages together into a community. Presently the ring has over 450 member sites and is among the five most popular gaming rings on WebRing. The member pages include sites on boardgames, computer games, miniatures games, and even military history. http://www.marinergames.com/webring/wargamer.htm
HisSim South Kanagawa Discussion forum for the Historical Simulation Boardgamers Society of Japan. Members usually meet in Kanagawa, Japan but anyone with an interest in games, Japan, or the world may join the forum. http://groups.yahoo.com/group/HisSimSouthKanagawa
Parabellum Small archive of WWII weapons and vehicles for Phoenix Command, in Excel 7, text, and PostScript formats. http://www.geocities.com/Pentagon/5238/
Gurth's Phoenix Command Contains rule modifications for Phoenix Command. http://www.xs4all.nl/~gurth/pccs/
Phoenix Command Unofficial Support Page A source of experimental rules, new weapons data, and vehicle data for Phoenix Command. http://www.phoenixcommand.com/
New England Simulations Publisher's site for 2 games: The Killing Ground and Battle of Dresden. http://www.carpatina.com/nes/
Sim America A discussion group, which works as as political game. Introduce yourself and give information about the role you seek to play in this sim. Choose which state you will be from, and which political party you will affiliate with in Sim America, and if you want to be a Senator or a House member. http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Sim_America
Mech Battalions A company-division tactical level simulation of mechanized combined arms warfare from 1939 through the near future. Site contains information on the game and ways to contribute to its creation. http://www.mechbattalions.com
Tom's Command Center Devoted to wargaming replays, reviews, and strategy with content provided by Thomas Margraf. http://home.earthlink.net/~tjmargraf/
SPW - Schroeder Publishing and Wargames 'Der Weltkrieg' (German for 'The World War'). Eventually - campaigns in Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East from 1900 to the present. Currently 3 WWI games. http://www.spwgame.com/
Blue Max Page World War I air combat rules, for board game or miniatures. http://pease1.sr.unh.edu/1/bluemax/
Eric Pass' Home Page Home page of an avid PBEM gamer - many game replays and turn summaries. Also Squad Leader mailing list resources. http://www.nyx.net/~epass/home.html#PBEMDIR
The Wargames & Military History Search Engine Links to all kinds of wargaming and military history sites, and descriptions of the sites themselves. http://www.britwar.co.uk/search/
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