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TradeTrade centres on the exchange of goods and/or services. Exchanges may take place between two parties (bilateral trade) or amongst more than two parties (multilateral trade). In its original form trade perforce used barter and the exchange of goods and services of a recognized equal value desirable to both parties. Modern traders generally negotiate through the use of a medium of exchange, i.e. money, and rarely through barter: as a result one can separate buying and earning or selling. The invention of money (and subsequently of credit, paper money and non-physical money) greatly simplified and promoted the development of trade.
Most economistss accept the non-obvious theory that trade benefits both parties, and reject the notion that all exchange must exploit one party. Trade exists largely because differences exist in the cost of production of some tradable commodity in different locations. As such, exchange at market prices between locations benefits both.
Empirical evidence for the success of trade can emerge when contrasting countries such as South Korea, which has adopted largely unfettered free-trade, with India, which has pursued a more protectionist policy. Countries such as South Korea have fared much better (when measured by economic criteria) than India, and others, over the past fifty years.
History of Trade
Organisation of Trade
Different patterns of organising and administering trade include:
- State control - recognising the importance of trade by preserving the natural monopoly of everyone
- Guild control - collectivist convenience for the merchant class, and grounds enough for their reputation in so many societies
- Free enterprise - a strange modern idea that appears to foster the deification of dealers for their heroism in the arenas of the markets
Types of Trade
See also
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Trade Port
Easy-to-use tool offering one place to go for comprehensive trade information, events calendar, market research, trade leads, and company databases.
http://tradeport.org/
ECeurope
Offers business to business resources for the world. Trade leads, links, offers to buy, offers to sell and business opportunities.
http://www.ECeurope.com/
Clearfacts.com
Directory available to subscribers who pay a fee.
http://www.clearfacts.com/
Asian Trade Online
Asian manufacturers, exporters, suppliers, and companies.
http://asian-manufacturers.com/
MuslimTrade Network
Export/import business trade reference sources directory for Muslim countries. Classified ads, chatrooms, discussion boards, and trade guidelines for over 30 countries.
http://www.muslimtrade.net/
Kompass
Worldwide business purchasing and marketing directory.
http://www.kompass.com/
GlobalEDGE
Business knowledge portal connecting professionals worldwide to information, insights, and learning resources on global business activities.
http://globaledge.msu.edu/
YPBusiness
Multi-language trade platform including a global trade directory and online product showroom for sellers.
http://www.yp.com.hk/business/en/html/index.asp
FITA Web Resources for International Trade
Annotated links to numerous informational sites with international trade resources.
http://www.fita.org/webindex/index.html
ESOMAR
More than 1200 entries are included from all over the world, displaying information on market research organisations.
http://www.esomar.org
Tpage
Source for B2B international trade offering numerous services, including company directory and trade leads.
http://www.tpage.com/
21st Century Commerce Centre
World trade, investing, travel, shopping and E-Commerce newsletter.
http://www.21cep.com/
Foreign Trade On-Line
Access to world-wide importers, exporters, manufacturers, freight forwarders, trade resources, statistics, market information, products, trade events, package tracking.
http://www.foreign-trade.com/
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