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Manufacturing

Manufacturing is the transformation of raw materials into finished goods for sale, or intermediate processes involving the production or finishing of semi-manufactures. It is a large branch of industry and of secondary production.

Although handicraft production has been with us for many millennia, modern-style manufacturing is generally regarded as beginning around 1780 with the British Industrial Revolution, spreading thereafter to Continental Europe and North America, and subsequently around the world.

While it remains a huge part of the modern world economy - perhaps a quarter of aggregate world production of goods and services - many of the world's wealthier nations devote an ever smaller proportion of their workforce to manufacturing activity owing to relocation of enterprises to lower-wage countries and the rising proportion of economic activity devoted to service activity.

Table of contents
1 Manufacturing Topics

Manufacturing Topics

Taxonomy of manufacturing processes

  1. Casting and molding
    1. Casting
      1. Sand
      2. Plastic mold
      3. Shell mold
      4. Investment (lost wax, precision)
      5. Permanent mold
      6. Centrifugal
      7. Die
      8. Slush or slurry
      9. Full mold
      10. Low pressure
      11. Continuous Molding
    2. Molding
      1. Powder metallurgy
        1. Compaction plus sintering
      2. Plastics
        1. Injection
        2. Compression
        3. Transfer
        4. Extrusion
        5. Blow
        6. Rotational
        7. Thermoforming
        8. Laminating
        9. Expandable bead
        10. Foam
        11. Rotomolding
        12. Vacuum plug assist
        13. Pressure plug assist
        14. Matched mold
  2. Deformation (forming and shearing)
    1. Forming
      1. Forging
        1. Smith
        2. Hammer
        3. Drop
        4. Press
        5. Impact (see also extrusion)
        6. Upset
        7. No draft
        8. High-energy-rate
        9. Cored
        10. Incremental
        11. Powder
      2. Rolling
        1. Shape
        2. Ring
        3. Transverse
        4. Orbital
        5. Cross-rolling
        6. Thread
      3. Stretching (expanding)
      4. Drawing (shrinking) of wire bar or tube
        1. Embossing
        2. Coining
        3. Stamping
        4. Sizing
        5. Redrawing
        6. Bulging
        7. Necking
        8. Nosing
        9. Ironing
      5. Deep drawing
      6. Swaging
      7. Extrusion
      8. Spinning
      9. Bending
      10. Miscellaneous other
        1. Peening
        2. Guerin process
        3. Wheelon process
        4. Magnetic pulse
        5. Explosive
        6. Electroforming
        7. Staking
        8. Seaming
        9. Flanging
        10. Straightening
    2. Shearing
      1. Line shearing (slitting)
      2. Blanking
      3. Piercing or punching
      4. Follow-up on #2 and #3
        1. Trimming
        2. Shaving
        3. Notching
        4. Perforating
        5. Nibling
        6. Dinking
        7. Lancing
        8. Cutoff
    3. Pulverizing
      1. Crushing
        1. Jaw crusher
        2. Gyratory crusher
        3. Rollers
        4. Edge runner
        5. Hammer mill
      2. Grinding
        1. Ball mill
        2. Buhrstone mill
      3. Atomization
      4. Centrifugal disintegration
  3. Machining (material removal)
    1. Milling
      1. Peripheral (slab)
      2. Face
      3. Chemical
    2. Turning
      1. Facing
      2. Boring
      3. Spinning (flow turning)
      4. Knurling
      5. Cutoff (parting)
    3. Drilling
      1. Reaming
      2. Countersinking
      3. Tapping
    4. Sawing
      1. Filing
    5. Broaching
    6. Shaping
      1. Horizontal
      2. Vertical
      3. Special purpose
    7. Planing
      1. Double housing
      2. Open-side
      3. Edge or plate
      4. Pit-type
    8. Grinding (abrasive machining)
      1. Abrasive jet machining
      2. Honing
      3. Lapping
      4. Superfinishing
      5. Barrel finishing
      6. Vibratory finishing
      7. Spindle finishing
      8. Abrasive belt
      9. Polishing
      10. Buffing
      11. Burnishing
      12. Grit- or shot-blasting
      13. Tumbling
      14. Wire brushing
      15. Electropolishing
      16. Electro-chemical grinding
    9. Routing
    10. Hobbing (hubbing)
    11. Ultrasonic
    12. Electrical discharge
    13. Electron beam
    14. Electrochemical
    15. Chemical
    16. Photochemical
    17. Laser beam
  4. Joining
    1. Welding
      1. Arc
        1. Manual metal
        2. Shielded metal
        3. Gas metal
          1. Pulsed
          2. Short circuit
          3. Electrogas
          4. Spray transfer
        4. Gas tungsten
        5. Flux-cored
        6. Submerged
        7. Plasma arc
        8. Carbon arc
        9. Stud
        10. Electroslag
        11. Atomic hydrogen
        12. Plasma-MIG (metal inert gas)
        13. Impregnated tape
      2. Oxyfuel gas
        1. Oxyacetylene gas
        2. Methylacetylene propadiene (MAPP)
        3. Air-acetylene
        4. Oxyhydrogen
        5. Pressure gas
          1. CO2
      3. Resistance
        1. Spot
        2. Projection
        3. Seam
        4. Flash butt (flash)
        5. Upset(butt)
        6. Percussion
      4. Solid state
        1. Ultrasonic
        2. Explosive
        3. Diffusion
          1. Hot press
          2. Isostatic hot gas
          3. Vacuum furnace
        4. Friction
        5. Inertia
        6. Forge
        7. Cold
        8. Roll
      5. Electron beam
      6. Laser beam
        1. Solid-state
        2. Axial-flow gas
        3. Cross-flow gas
      7. Thermite
      8. Induction
        1. Low frequency (50-450 Hz)
        2. High frequency (induction resistance; 200-450 kHz)
      9. High frequency resistance
      10. Electromagnetic
      11. Flow
    2. Brazing
      1. Torch
      2. Induction
      3. Furnace
      4. Dip
      5. Resistance
      6. Infrared
      7. Vacuum
    3. Soldering
      1. Iron
      2. Resistance
      3. Hot plate
      4. Oven
      5. Induction
      6. Dip
      7. Wave
      8. Ultrasonic
    4. Sintering (of powdered metals)
    5. Adhesive bonding (incomplete)
      1. Thermo-setting and thermoplastic
        1. Epoxy
        2. Modified epoxy
        3. Phenolics
        4. Polyurethane
      2. Adhesive alloys
      3. Miscellaneous other powders, liquids, solids, and tapes
    6. Metal fasteners
      1. Screws
      2. Nuts and bolts
      3. Rivets
      4. Pins
        1. Cotter
        2. Groove
        3. Tapered
        4. Roll
      5. Retaining rings
      6. Quick-release
    7. Stitching
    8. Stapling
    9. Shrink fitting
    10. Press fitting
    11. Plastic
      1. Hot-air-welding
      2. Friction
      3. Heated metal plate
      4. Solvent
      5. Dielectric
      6. Magnetic
      7. Ultrasonic
      8. Radio frequency welding

Manufacturing Systems

Theories

Control

Manufacturing Engineering

Assembly Systems

Design

Others

Lists of related topics
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Offshore International, Inc.
Manufacturing in Mexico's maquiladora industry.
http://offshoregroup.com/

R-V Industries
Offers complete design and manufacturing services in ASME code, general fab and machining, power services, pulp and paper, and water treatment systems.
http://www.rvii.com/

Queensland Manufacturing Institute
It provides a world class manufacturing, applied research and advanced technical training facility available to the manufacturing industry and businesses.
http://www.qmi.asn.au

Render ABS
Offering ABS rapid prototypes, and 3D models for industries.
http://www.rendersrl.com.ar/ingles/index.html

Capital City Machine Shop, Inc.
Manufactures repair parts and performs custom repairs for industrial equipment. CNC milling and turning, pump shaft repairs, thermal spray coatings. Atlanta, GA.
http://www.capitalcitymachine.com/

Bradshaw Manufacturing, Inc.
Electro-mechanical and electronic contract manufacturing. End-of-life product support. Assembly, refurbishment, and repair.
http://www.bradshawmfg.com/

Wasserbel Testing Laboratory Ltd
Toys, electrical appliances, wastewater and food testings.
http://www.hkexporter.net/inspection/in006.html

Northern Engraving and Machine
Roll engraving, pattern development and embossing.
http://www.northernengraving.com/

Windsor Metal Finishing
Kynar 500 paint is applied to balcony rails, louvers, sun screens, geodesic space frames, walkway covers, roofing panels, automatic entranceways, and architectural metal specialties.
http://www.1stchoicewindsor.com/

Phipps and Bird
Seeks opportunities to manufacture products on contract, including engineering, machine shop, powercoatings, packaging and shipping.
http://www.phippsbird.com/contract.html

American Cutting and Die
A cutting die manufacturer, contract die-cutter and complete product finisher.
http://www.acdie.com/

VSR Africa
Provides vibratory stress relief by means of cyclic loading treatments to treat a wide range of ferrous and non-ferrous components, whether fabrications, castings, machined components or bars.
http://www.vsr-africa.com/

Altfather Models
Modeling service. Prototypes, mockups, product models, architectural models, cabinet work, custom furniture, inventions, signage, patterns, plant layout, CNC routing and vacuum forming.
http://www.altfathermodels.com/

Teva Limited
Specialist predictive maintenance, condition monitoring, vibration analysis, laser alignment, thermal imaging.
http://www.tevaltd.co.uk

Kpr Adcor Inc.
Distributors and manufacturers of lubricants, packaging, and specialty chemical products for waste management and corrosion protection.
http://www.skylinc.net/~kpr/

On-site Machining Ltd
Provides industry with expert specialised insitu, on or off site machining.
http://www.onsitemachiningltd.co.uk/

Tafcor, Inc.
Profile lamination on paper, vinyl, veneer, or polyester on a molding substrate.
http://tafcor.com/

CalCo Cutaways
Produces product cutaways for sales demonstrations, tradeshows, advertising, distributor displays, and training.
http://www.calcocutaways.com/

LorWay Companies
Precision machining services, and specializes in work for the photofinishing field. Also, photofinishing and X-ray equipment services.
http://www.lorwayco.com/

Superfactory
Resources, communities, and services supporting global manufacturing excellence.
http://www.superfactory.com

Honduras Industrial Park
Villanueva Industrial Park occupies part of the largest free zone in Honduras, offering owner on-site management of factories and skilled labor.
http://www.zipvillanueva.com

Manufacturing Quote.com, Inc.
Forum for job shops to qualify and bid on quotes (RFQ's) posted by companies requiring custom manufacturing services such as precision CNC machining or rapid prototyping.
http://www.mfgquote.com

Metalock Industrial Services Ltd
Specialists in onsite machining; steel mill housings, process machinery, and presses. Provides insitu boring and laser alignment of engines, turbines, and structures.
http://www.metalock.co.uk/

Plastic and Metal Center
Serves the southern CA. area since 1992. Manufacturing and engineering experience from concept to completion.
http://www.plastic-metal.com/

B Elliot
British manufacturing group designs, makes, and sells mid to high tech products to other manufacturing companies around the world.
http://www.belliott.com/

VR and CAD
3D-modeling for design, engineering, prototyping, manufacturing, electronic catalogs and multimedia production.
http://www.geocities.com/vrcad/

CP-Marketing
Complete turn key solutions specializing in the total box build.
http://www.cp-marketing.com

Tupes
Rebuilding and hardfacing industrial wear parts: coal mill rolls, trunnions, chutes.
http://www.tupes.com/

Bankier.com
Product development, design, plastic molding, assembly, packaging, distribution.
http://www.bankier.com

M. A. Folkes Company
Custom packaging, product assembly, inventory control and warehousing and distribution.
http://www.mafolkes.com

LTI Atlanta
Converter and manufacturer of micro-filters, medical components, electrical insulators, labels, and custom packaging.
http://www.ltiatlanta.com/

The Thompson Group
A consortium of experts in the field of industrial appraisal, auction and liquidation.
http://www.thompgrp.com

Accident Inspection Specialists, Inc.
Consulting in accidents, engineering in boiler and machinery, and safety engineering.
http://www.accidents-inspections.com/

Miller-Nelson Research, Inc.
Testing of respirators, cartridges and canisters, protective clothing and gloves. Generating test atmospheres, controlled humidity, temperature and airflows.
http://www.millernelson.com/

Strategic Work Systems
Specializes in total productive maintenance (TPM).
http://www.swspitcrew.com/

MaxiM International
Converting and rotary die cutting consultants advising management in all areas of production and packaging of die cut, pressure sensitive adhesive products.
http://www.maximinternational.net

TMPI, Inc.
Chemical and mechanical cleaning of metals, ceramics, quartz, glass and other materials.
http://www.tmpi-quickclean.com

Product Resources, Inc.
Provides turnkey contract manufacturing services specializing in high-level electronic and electromechanical assemblies and complete products.
http://www.prodres.com

Regional Supply Network Eastern Office
Assists in developing supply chain management strategies.
http://www.rsneast.co.uk/

SGS U.S. Testing Company Inc.
Source for independent testing and technical and research services.
http://www.ustesting.sgsna.com

The Kittiwake Economic Development Corporation
Works to accelerate growth and create opportunity in Newfoundland and Labrador's manufacturing sector.
http://www.kittiwake.nf.ca/

Hannam Techno Co., Ltd.
Offers shop and field inspection service for petrochemical, oil and gas, power plant manufacturers.
http://www.kor-inspection.com

Strata Technology
Specialises in process systems and prototype work for research and industry.
http://www.stratatec.co.uk

Creative Edge Enterprises, Inc.
Machinery Blue Book is the manufacturing industry's on-line valuation service to help owners determine the value of their capital assets. On-Line comparables for a huge database of actual transactions in the past few years, both fair market value and auction value.
http://www.machinerybluebook.com/

Gardan, Inc.
Mechanical assembly and packaging.
http://www.gardan.com/index.html

Continental Field Systems, Inc.
On-site and shop machining services available around the clock, and around the world.
http://www.continentalfield.com/

DMC Factors
Industrial services and maintenance. 3 phase electrical installation, machine installations and maintenance.
http://www.dmcfactors.co.uk/

Concept Group, Inc.
Engineering design and consulting, product development and full scale manufacturing. Glass to metal, hermetic seals, and vacuum brazing.
http://www.conceptgroupinc.com/

PCI Energy Services
Provides field machining, welding, remote tool delivery services.
http://www.pci-energy.com/

Atfab
Manufacturing consulting services.
http://www.atfabcompany.com/atfabintro.htm

Lyophilization Services of New England, Inc.
Contract manufacturer.
http://www.lyophilization.com

HGJ Service
Provides industrial services such as steam trap surveys, air and gas analysis.
http://hgjservice.tripod.com/

AeroWest
Sanitation service.
http://members.aol.com/westsaninc

Abrading Methods, Inc.
Specializes in providing contract flat lapping, flat honing, precision fine grinding and production lapping service.
http://www.lapping.com

SAE
Outsourcing of electronic components and assemblies, design, engineering and manufacturing services.
http://www.saeintl.com


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