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Art ]]
Art originally was the processes of man (compare word artificial), and as such was synonymous with science. Nowadays it can be seen in essence the foremost expression of human creativity. As difficult to define as it is to evaluate, given that each individual artist chooses the rules and parameters that guide her or his work, it can still be said that art is the process and the product of choosing a medium, a set of rules for the use of that medium, and a set of values that determine what deserves to be expressed through that medium, in order to convey either a belief, an idea, a sensation, or a feeling in the most effective way possible for that medium. (See definition of art)
Artists, deliberately or not, work under the influence of other artists of the past and present, and much of the development of individual artists deals with finding structured principles for how to express certain ideas through various kinds of symbolism. For example Vasily Kandinsky famously developed his use of color in painting, through a system of stimulus response, where over time he gained an understanding of the emotions that can be evoked by color and combinations of color. Also, the traditional use of lilies denote death and red roses to evoke love are recurring themes in Western culture.
Opinions differ as to what can and cannot be defined as art; for example, can somebody make art if the creation was not intended to be art? Is art always a form of individual expression? Will a work of art only be art once it is finished? For a more in-depth discussion of these questions, see the article on the definition of art and read some quotations about art. Maybe art is only defined by what interests the audience at the time?
Types of art
There are many types of art; the history of art reaches back into prehistoric times. Today, art most often refers to the visual arts, specifically painting,printmaking and sculpture, photography, digital art, and poster art. Art also commonly refers to the fine arts, which include music, literature, poetry, dance, and the theater. An outgrowth of the theater is film and animation. Since the 1970s, media art has become increasingly important, with disciplines like video art, electronic art, internet art, installation art, wireless art and artistic computer game modification.
When something is done especially well, it can be considered art: a feat of engineering such as the Golden Gate Bridge can be seen as a work of art. Architecture is certainly a type of art: consider the Eiffel Tower or the Notre Dame cathedral. Architecture is the synthesis of art and science. Even computer programming can be art; many programmers see their day-to-day work as an artform, with poetic elegance and beauty in design. A whole new discipline of software art is emerging, too.
Art doesn't have to be solely for aesthetic purposes; arts and crafts deals with making useful things into art. Commercial art ("visual communication")
uses artistic methods to convey information such as advertising. Sometimes people make art out of random objects that weren't intended to be art; such art is called found art.
Oriental art and martial arts
Besides the wealth of Oriental paintings, architecture, etc, Eastern cultures seem to have a very wide definition of art. In many cases, art is part of a much deeper concept of spiritual development, perhaps including ideas such as self-mastery, working in harmony with with the laws of nature, etc.
In Japan, for example, many things have been practised and developed into artforms, through spiritual and mental discipline, incredible craftsmanship, and an extreme patience and willingness to master the medium. Hence, Martial Arts such as Kendo, Judo, etc.
While the term 'martial art' may sound like a euphemism or wishful thinking to some readers, traditions such as Kendo (a sword discipline) have been practised alongside Ikebana (flower arranging) and Haiku (poetry) for centuries, with many of the same techniques and even the same ultimate goals involved in each.
Asian civilisations have very ancient historical roots, and their artistic development reflects those roots admirably.
See also
External links
For the Celtic mythological figure Art, see Airt
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Mail-Art A German mail art site with history, techniques and exhibits about the art form. It includes a message board for active projects. http://www.mail-art.de/
One World Mail Art BBS Semi-active message board for mail art artists and enthusiasts. Calls for new mail art and discussions usually are the norm here. http://www.plexus.org/cgi-bin/chalk/oneworld.pl
Sewers of the World, Unite An open photo-video-mail-art collaborative collection of images of manhole and other access covers. Includes a gallery of submissions. http://sewers.artinfo.ru
Maxi Boyd's Dead Ringer For Love View online exhibition by International artists with the theme of "Dead Ringer for Love." http://www.geocities.com/maxiboyd/deadringerforlove.html
Monster Behind the Door: A Postal Art Story A giant ugly Postcard Art project, with 1,000s of cards and you are welcome to read the story of how it all began and select or trade for a piece of this piece. http://boxofcards.tripod.com/
Fan Mail Extensive galleries, information on artists, and worldwide mail art calls. http://www.phi.lu/mailart.html
Art Mail at Kiyotei's Den Galleries, interviews, mailart calls and essential art links. Graphics, art, collaborations and mailart. http://www.art.net/~kiyotei//mailart.html
The Moscow International Forum of Art Initiatives An open invitation for artistamp creators with the theme of Motherland/Fatherland. The City of Moscow's Committee on Culture and The International Museum Exhibition Centre 'Olympus' is sponsoring The Moscow International Forum of Art Initiatives - 2002. MAC (the Moscow Artistamp Collection) has been invited to participate. http://artistamp.artinfo.ru
Sensewerks Mail Art Exhibits Sensewerks features "Censorship" and "End of the World" - ongoing mail art exhibits. New submissions and comments welcome. http://www.geocities.com/sensewerks/sensewerksmailart.html
Vortice Argentina General activities of the project, exhibitions at the Barraca Vorticista, information, artist addresses, international mail art projects and calls, links, and visual poetry. http://www.vorticeargentina.com.ar/
Jenny de Groot's Femailart Online exhibition, information and links on mailart with the devil's picturebook playing cards, and poetry. http://www.esthan.demon.nl/index.html
Planet Susannia Mail art and stamp art galleries, links and projects. http://www.susannia.de/defaultn.htm
Sztuka Fabryka Gallery An archive about arts in the international mail art network. The online version of the Sztuka Fabryka Archive. http://www.sztuka-fabryka.be/
Polarbird's Mailart Pages Galleries, links and mail art calls and documentation including "Flying Penguins." http://www.geocities.com/polarpost
Boek 861: Mail Art y PoesÃa Visual Visual poetry and mail art workshop from Spain (in English and Spanish) http://www.boek861.com/
Poet Post Mail art, artistamps and art trading cards from the 25 Cent Poet. http://www.geocities.com/poetpost/index.html
The Miniature Book Library Catalogue and images from a library of teeny books made by several different mail artists. http://www.thepiz.org/teenybooks/
Paper Penguins A record of the journeys of Dennis penguin and his family around the world. http://www.wooles.freeserve.co.uk/
Archivio Internazionale Mail Art Online Archive of Mail Artists in English and Italian. http://www.guzzardi.it/arte/archiviomailart/archiviomail.html
Fiona Thorning Design The art of Fiona Thorning and documentation for several mail art calls. http://mysillyfetish.tripod.com/html/
Art by the Yard A description of mail art techniques, methods and materials to transform ordinary correspondence into dazzling art and faux postage. http://www.artbytheyard.biz/MailArt.htm
Ken Turmel's Postmark Art Overlays postmarks, stamps, and signatures on maps. http://www.postmarkart.com/
Red Castle Inc. Products and information for rubber stamping and crafting needs. Software programs to help design mini-books, artistamps, envelopes, shipping tags, and calendars. http://www.red-castle.com/
Arte y Correo Mail art, collage and poetry by Irene Ronchetti http://ar.geocities.com/arteycorreo/
Traficoartecorreo Web site in Argentina with mail art, ATCs and altered books http://ar.geocities.com/traficoartecorreo
Cloverleaf's Mailart Mail art, art resources and mail art calls. http://www.intner.net/mailart
Mail Art WebRing A group of sites with content relating to mail art. http://www.webring.com/hub?ring=mailart
Carving Consortium Swaps - Cryptic Web Artist trading cards, postcards, medallions and other media created with hand-carved stamps. http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~cjatkins/cryptic/swaps.html
Footeprints Mailart Examples of work by the mail artist Gary Foote with links postal art information and art calls. http://www.webbers.com/mailart/
Wikipedia Mailart Resource Online encyclopedia with a mailart description, links and profiles of mailartists. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mail_art
Guy Bleus Art and writings from Belgian mail artist Guy Bleus. http://www.mailart.be/
Jeremy Adolphson's Collection A fine collection of galleries displaying artwork created on 4X6 cards by international artists. http://4x6-art.com/
NOTTWO A site for artists, poets and mail artists with descriptions, active calls and resources for artisans. http://www.nottwo.org.uk/
The Mail Art Pinhole Camera Site Participative photography project gallery. http://mysite.wanadoo-members.co.uk/mailart_homepage
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